| Rule | Meaning | |
| Affirmative | [え-stem] + ば [e-stem] + ba |
if X [does] / if X [is ~] |
| Negative | [あ-stem] + なければ [a-stem] + nakereba |
if X doesn't [do] / if X [is not ~] |
| Affirmative | Negative | |
| 食べる taberu (to eat) |
食べれば tabereba |
食べなければ tabenakereba |
| 話す hanasu (to speak) |
話せば hanaseba |
話さなければ hanasanakereba |
| 歩く aruku (to walk) |
歩けば arukeba |
歩かなければ arukanakereba |
| 泳ぐ oyogu (to swim) |
泳げば oyogeba |
泳がなければ oyoganakereba |
| 呼ぶ yobu (to call) |
呼べば yobeba |
呼ばなければ yobanakereba |
| 飲む nomu (to drink) |
飲めば nomeba |
飲まなければ nomanakereba |
| 死ぬ shinu (to die) |
死ねば shineba |
死ななければ shinanakereba |
| 作る tsukuru (to make) |
作れば tsukureba |
作らなければ tsukuranakereba |
| 待つ matsu (to wait) |
待てば mateba |
待たなければ matanakereba |
| 洗う arau (to wash) |
洗えば araeba |
洗わなければ arawanakereba |
| Affirmative | Negative | |
| する suru (to do) |
すれば sureba |
しなければ shinakereba |
| くれば kuru (to come) |
くれば kureba |
こなければ konakereba |